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Gramophone and the 78 rpm record
From HitStory, the pop encyclopedia of School of Rock · Technology
Gramophone and the 78 rpm record · Emile Berliner recorded sound not on a cylinder but on a flat disc. The advantage: from one original, you could make thousands of copies with a press. Around 1925, 78 revolutions per minute became the usual speed. One side of such a shellac record holds about three minutes of music, and for decades that length determined how long a pop song lasts. The record turned music into a mass product. Through gramophone records, jazz and blues reached an audience that had never seen the musicians live.
Listening
Listening tip. Notice the length: does the song fit into about three minutes, and can you hear that the musicians planned for it?
Vesti la giubba (Pagliacci) · Enrico Caruso, 1907
Livery Stable Blues · Original Dixieland Jazz Band, 1917
Crazy Blues · Mamie Smith, 1920
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