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Philip Glass
From HitStory, the pop encyclopedia of School of Rock · Artist
Philip Glass was born in Baltimore in 1937, studied in Chicago and at Juilliard and then in Paris with Nadia Boulanger. There he also worked with the Indian sitar player Ravi Shankar. From this grew his minimalist style: short figures that repeat endlessly and change slowly, often in broken chords. In Godfrey Reggio's Koyaanisqatsi (1982), a film without dialogue, image and music together carry the story. For Paul Schrader's Mishima (1985) he wrote for string quartet and orchestra. For Martin Scorsese he made Kundun (1997). He contributed a few pieces to The Truman Show (1998), and The Hours (2002) earned him an Oscar nomination. His pulsing patterns have been heard everywhere in film music ever since.
Listening
Listening tip. Pay attention to the repetition: hear how a short pattern returns dozens of times and how each time one note, chord or instrument changes.
Koyaanisqatsi · Philip Glass, 1982
Truman Sleeps · Philip Glass, 1998
The Poet Acts · Philip Glass, 2002
Opening · Philip Glass, 1982Apple Music ↗
Discography
Studio albums
- 1971Music With Changing Parts
- 1974Music in Twelve Parts, Parts 1 & 2
- 1975Solo Music
- 1977North Star (soundtrack)
- 1979Einstein on the Beach
- 1980Dance nos. 1 & 3
- 1982Glassworks
- 1983Koyaanisqatsi (soundtrack)
- 1983The Photographer
- 1985Mishima (soundtrack)
- 1985Satyagraha
- 1986Songs From Liquid Days
- 1987Akhnaten
- 1988Dance nos. 1-5
- 1988Powaqqatsi (soundtrack)
- 1988The Thin Blue Line (soundtrack)
- 19891000 Airplanes on the Roof
- 1989Solo Piano
- 1990Minimalist
- 1990Music in Twelve Parts
- 1990Passages
- 1992The Screens (soundtrack)
- 1992Trivium
- 1993“Low” Symphony
- 1993Anima Mundi (Original Soundtrack Recording) (soundtrack)
- 1993Barber / Dvořák / Glass
- 1993Einstein on the Beach
- 1993Glass Organ Works
- 1993Hydrogen Jukebox
- 1993Itaipu / The Canyon
- 1995Brant / Scelsi / Wolpe / Xenakis / Cage / Glass / Feldman
- 1995Kronos Quartet performs Philip Glass
- 1995La Belle et la Bête (soundtrack)
- 1996Music in Twelve Parts
- 1996The Secret Agent: Music From the Original Soundtrack (soundtrack)
- 1997“Heroes” Symphony: From the Music of David Bowie & Brian Eno
- 1997Kundun (soundtrack)
- 1998Circles
- 1998Koyaanisqatsi (soundtrack)
- 1998Symphony no. 2
- 1998The Truman Show: Music From the Motion Picture (soundtrack)
- 1999Águas da Amazonia
- 1999Dracula (soundtrack)
- 1999Minimal Piano Works, Volume I (Piano: Jeroen van Veen)
- 1999Piano Music
- 1999the CIVIL warS: a tree is best measured when it is down
- 1999Violin Concertos
- 2000Glass Cage
- 2000Piano Music of Philip Glass
- 2000Symphony no. 3
- 2000Symphony no. 5: Requiem, Bardo, Nirmanakaya
- 2000Violin Concerto / Prelude and Dance from Akhnaten / Company
- 2001Early Keyboard Music
- 2001Music for Organ
- 2001Music in the Shape of a Square
- 2001The Music of Candyman (soundtrack)
- 2002A Descent Into the Maelström (soundtrack)
- 2002Early Voice
- 2002Glass / Salonen
- 2002Glass Reflections
- 2002Naqoyqatsi: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (soundtrack)
- 2002The Hours (soundtrack)
- 2002Tirol Concerto for Piano and Orchestra
- 2003600 Lines / How Now
- 2003Etudes for Piano, Volume 1: Nos. 1-10
- 2003The Fog of War (soundtrack)
- 2003The Orphée Suite
- 2004Dennis Russell Davies Performs Philip Glass: Tirol Concerto for Piano and Orchestra and Selections from Passages
- 2004Metamorphosis
- 2004Music From The Hours (soundtrack)
- 2004Music in Fifths / Two Pages
- 2004Symphonies nos. 2 and 3
- 2004The Concerto Project, Volume I
- 2004The Music of Undertow (soundtrack)
- 2005Glassworks Vol. 2
- 2005Les Enfants Terribles
- 2005Music 4 Hands
- 2005Orion
- 2005Symphony No. 6 "Plutonian Ode"
- 2006Analog
- 2006Dances & Sonata
- 2006Metamorphosis
- 2006Notes on a Scandal: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (soundtrack)
- 2006Roving Mars (soundtrack)
- 2006Symphony no. 8
- 2006The Concerto Project, Volume II
- 2006The Illusionist (soundtrack)
- 2006The Voyage
- 2006The Witches of Venice
- 2007Book of Longing
- 2007Cassandra’s Dream (soundtrack)
- 2007Dracula (soundtrack)
- 2007Early American Minimalism / Walls of Sound II / Wallpatterns-Patternwalls
- 2007From the Philip Glass Recording Archive, Volume I: Theater Music (soundtrack)
- 2007Heroes Symphony • The Light
- 2007Les Animaux amoureux (soundtrack)
- 2007Monsters of Grace
- 2007Music with Changing Parts (Icebreaker)
- 2007Philip Glass: The Piano Music
- 2007The Invitation: Saxophonquartette des 20. Jahrhunderts
- 2007Theater Music, Volume 1
- 2008American Classics: Minimalism
- 2008Another Look at Harmony, Part IV
- 2008Complete String Quartets
- 2008Four American Quartets
- 2008From the Philip Glass Recording Archive, Volume III: Film Scores: Jenipapo (soundtrack)
- 2008From the Philip Glass Recording Archive, Volume IV: Film Scores: Neverwas (soundtrack)
- 2008Music in Twelve Parts
- 2008Philip Glass: Portrait
- 2008Sentieri Selvaggi Plays Gavin Bryars & Philip Glass
- 2008Songs and Poems for Solo Cello
- 2008The Concerto Project, Volume III
- 2008Waiting for the Barbarians
- 2009A Madrigal Opera. Cameo. A Symphonic Poem
- 2009Glass / Tavener / Nyman
- 2009In the Upper Room
- 2009Les Regrets (soundtrack)
- 2009Symphony no. 7 "Toltec"
- 2009The Juniper Tree
- 2009Time Curve: Music for Piano by Philip Glass and William Duckworth
- 2009Towers of Power
- 2010A Retrospective
- 2010Glass: Violin Concerto no. 1 / Bernstein: Serenade After Plato's Symposium
- 2010How Now
- 2010Itaipu and Three Songs
- 2010Nosso Lar (soundtrack)
- 2010Schoenberg/Glass
- 2010String Quartets nos. 1-4
- 2010Timeless
- 2010Violin Concerto no. 2: The American Four Seasons
- 2011Brooklyn Rider Plays Philip Glass
- 2011Concerto for Cello and Orchestra no. 1
- 2011In the Penal Colony
- 2011Kepler
- 2011Mad Rush: Solo Piano Music of Philip Glass
- 2011Phædra, Modern Love Waltz and 21 Robert Moran Orchestrations
- 2011Symphony no. 9
- 2011The Concerto Project, Volume IV: Double Concerto for Violin, Cello & Orchestra / Tirol Concerto for Piano & Orchestra
- 2011Works for Saxophone Quartet
- 2012Bach / Glass
- 2012Metamorphosis
- 2012Metamorphosis / The Hours
- 2012Tara Hugo Sings Philip Glass
- 2012The Passion of Ramakrishna
- 2013Cello Concerto no. 2: Naqoyqatsi
- 2013Concert of the Sixth Sun
- 2013Galileo Galilei
- 2013Glass: Concerto Fantasy for Two Timpanists and Orchestra / Fairouz: Symphony no. 4 "In the Shadow of No Towers"
- 2013Harpsichord Concertos
- 2013Metamorphosis / Acoustic Counterpoint
- 2013Solo Piano
- 2013Solo Piano Music
- 2013The Piano Music of Philip Glass
- 2013Visitors (soundtrack)
- 2014Candyman (Original 1992 Motion Picture Soundtrack) (soundtrack)
- 2014Heroes Symphony
- 2014Music for Violin and Piano
- 2014Symphony no. 1 "Low" (From the Music of David Bowie and Brian Eno)
- 2014Symphony no. 4 "Heroes"
- 2014The Complete Piano Etudes
- 2014Two x Four
- 2014Voices for Didgeridoo and Organ / Organ Suite
- 2015A Brief History of Time (soundtrack)
- 2015Bach / Glass
- 2015Beauty and the Beast
- 2015Glass Piano
- 2015Glassworlds 1: Piano Works and Transcriptions
- 2015Glassworlds 2: Complete Etudes nos. 1-20
- 2015Mad Rush
- 2015New Seasons
- 2015String Quartet no. 5 / Suite from Dracula / String Sextet
- 2015Symphony no. 10
- 2015The Fantastic Four (soundtrack)
- 2015Tim Fain plays Philip Glass: Partita for Solo Violin
- 2015Valentina Lisitsa plays Philip Glass: The Hours / Metamorphosis / Mad Rush
- 2016Candyman 2: Farewell To The Flesh (Original 1995 Motion Picture Soundtrack) (soundtrack)
- 2016Cluster Ensemble Plays Philip Glass
- 2016Glassworlds 3: Metamorphosis
- 2016Glassworlds 4: On Love
- 2016Glassworlds 5: Enlightenment
- 2016In the Summer House
- 2016New Generations: The Etudes of Philip Glass and Music of the Next Generation
- 2016Prophecies
- 2016Recent Recordings
- 2016The Glass Effect: The Music of Philip Glass
- 2016The Perfect American
- 2016The Symphonies
- 2017Águas da Amazônia
- 2017Company
- 2017Complete Etudes for Piano
- 2017Complete Piano Etudes
- 2017Glass
- 2017Glass Essentials - An 80th Anniversary Tribute
- 2017Jane: Original National Geographic Motion Picture Soundtrack (soundtrack)
- 2017LIFE: A Journey Through Time
- 2017Partitas for Solo Cello
- 2017Piano Works
- 2017Piano Works
- 2017String Quartets nos. 6 and 7
- 2017Strung Up
- 2017The Trial
- 2018Alma Quartet: Dutilleux and Glass
- 2018ARC
- 2018Circles
- 2018Complete Études for Solo Piano
- 2018Dutilleux: Ainsi la nuit / Glass: Company
- 2018Echoes
- 2018Études
- 2018Mishima
- 2018Jane: Original National Geographic Motion Picture Soundtrack
- 2018Music with Changing Parts
- 2018Symphony no. 11
- 2018The Grid
- 2018The Hours / Distant Figure
- 2018The Spirit of the Earth
- 2019Annunciation
- 2019Glassworlds 6: America
- 2019Joe Hisaishi Presents Music Future IV
- 2019Metamorphosis I‐V
- 2019Mummer Love
- 2019Perpetulum
- 2019Symphony no. 5
- 2019The Not-Doings of an Insomniac: Bass Partita and Poetry
- 2020A Character of Quiet
- 2020King Lear
- 2020King Lear
- 2020Les Enfants terribles
- 2020Piano Sonata
- 2020Tales from the Loop (Original Soundtrack) (soundtrack)
- 2020The Last Dalai Lama? (soundtrack)
- 2020Violin Concerto no. 2 “American Four Seasons” / Violin Sonata
- 2020Violin Concertos
- 2021A Common Time
- 2021Études pour piano (intégrale)
- 2021First Light
- 2021Maya Beiser x Philip Glass
- 2021Metamorphosis
- 2021SONGS
- 2021Symphony No. 14, "Liechtenstein Suite" / Piano Concerto No. 1 "Tirol" / Echorus
- 2021This is America!
- 2022Africa Sings
- 2022Complete String Quartets, Volume 1: String Quartets nos. 1–4
- 2022Mishima
- 2022Philip Glass: The Spirit of the Earth
- 2022Piano Etudes, Book 1
- 2022Sixteen Seasons
- 2022Symphony No. 12 "Lodger" (from lyrics by David Bowie and Brian Eno)
- 2022Vitreous Body
- 2023Amazônia
- 2023Amérique(s)
- 2023Complete String Quartets, Volume 2: String Quartets nos. 5–7
- 2023Contemporary American Composers
- 2023ICONS - The American Minimalists
- 2023The Pigeon Tunnel: Soundtrack from the Apple Original Film (soundtrack)
- 2024Cocteau Trilogy
- 2024Four Hands
- 2024Glass Two
- 2024Minimalist
- 2024Philip Glass Solo
- 2024Philip Glass: Etudes for Piano
- 2024Tales from the Loop (Solo Piano Version) (soundtrack)
- 2024Violin Concerto no. 2 "The American Four Seasons"
- 2025Águas da Amazonia
- 2025Be The Sky
- 2025Einstein on the Beach
- 2025Etude No. 1 → No. 8
- 2025Etudes, Vol.1
- 2025My Cinematic Autumn
- 2025Once Within a Time: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (soundtrack)
- 2025Performing Philip Glass: Music with Changing Parts
- 2025Philip Glass: Glassworks
- 2025Philip Glass: The Complete Piano Etudes
- 2025Selected Piano Etudes
- 2025The Complete Piano Etudes
- 2025Violin Concerto no. 1
- 2026Barber; Zorn; Glas; Violin Concertos / Partita for the Firebird
- 2026Echoes
- 2026Philip Glass for Cello
- 2026Philip Glass: Music for Film
- ?Minimal Piano Works, Vol. I
- ?Philip Glass: Piano Etudes 1-10
- ?Piano Works
Other work
- 1998The Truman Show
In School of Rock
The chapters, maps and magazine stories of School of Rock are currently available in Dutch only.
- Film Music MapNL Map
- The Dream Factory: Film Reel 5NL Reader
Mentioned in other articles
- Minimal music Genre
Terry Riley wrote In C (1964), in It's Gonna Rain (1965) Steve Reich had two tape loops slowly drift out of step, and Philip Glass worked with repeated arpeggios; he and Riley were inspired by Indian music.
- Minimal music in film Genre
In 1982 Philip Glass brought that principle to film with Koyaanisqatsi, a film without dialogue or story, in which image and music do the work together.